Yenisseian etymology : Query result

Proto-Yenisseian: *χol

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: cheek

Ket: qɔĺet, pl. qɔĺerǝŋ⁵ (Bak., Sur. qoledǝŋ⁵)

Yug: xɔlat^6,5; pl. xɔladɨŋ⁵

Kottish: hol, *hōl, pl. hōlaŋ; Ass. hólan (М., Сл., Срсл., Кл.) "cheeks"

Arin: bɨ-qoĺoŋ (М., Сл., Кл.) "cheeks", bɨqoĺuŋ (Срсл.) id.

Comments: ССЕ 302. Ket and Yug reflect a form with the common body part suffix *-Vʒ. Werner 2, 100-101 <*qol>.

Proto-Yenisseian: *χon- (~-ń-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to yawn

Ket: ɛ́ś-qɔntiŋ (Werner 1, 248)

Yug: dēsxontteŋabet́ (Кастр.), praet. dēsxontteŋōrebet́, imp. ēsxontteŋarget́; (Werner 1, 248) d-éis-χɔntiŋáget

Kottish: hońaŋ "yawning"; hońaŋākŋ "to yawn"

Comments: ССЕ 302. Werner 1, 248.

Proto-Yenisseian: *χ[o]p

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: top (of tree)

Ket: qōp, pl. qɔ: // qɔ:n

Yug: xop, pl. xɔ:^hp

Kottish: hupár, pl. hupáraŋ "Ende, Gipfel"; (Бол.) ači-xap "top (of tree)"

Arin: aša-pok (Лоск.) "top (of tree)"

Comments: ССЕ 302. In Arin we have either an erroneous recording (ašapok instead of *ašakop) or a metathesis. Werner 2, 128 <*qopǝ / *qop>.

Proto-Yenisseian: *χowe

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: mouth

Ket: qō, pl. qɔʔn²

Yug: xo, pl. xɔʔn²

Kottish: hōpi, pl. hōpaŋ; Ass. hóhuj (Сл.) "face", (М., Сл., Кл.) "mouth"; xoboj (Кл.) "mouth"

Comments: ССЕ 302-303. Werner 2, 126 <*qo>, preferring to treat the Kott. word as a compound (but with what second component?) - whereas the reflex *-w- > Kott. -p- is quite regular.

Proto-Yenisseian: *χōŋ

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: day

Ket: qɔŋ⁴(South.), North. qɔŋǝ⁴ / qɔ:ŋǝ⁴ 'by daytime'

Yug: xɔ:^hŋ⁴ 'by daytime'

Kottish: hōnaŋ 'not long ago' ( < *hōŋ-aŋ with dissimilation)

Arin: xagalɨ (Стр.) "sun"

Pumpokol: xaŋgačed́in (Сл.) "day", (Срсл.) xog, (Кл.) xeg id., (Срсл.) xok "light"

Comments: ССЕ 303. Not quite clear are the Ket forms recorded by Klaproth (xokene 'day') and Miller (xóg(k)ene 'day'). Werner 2, 108 <*qɔʔǝŋǝ / *qɔʔkǝŋǝ>.

Proto-Yenisseian: *χɔʔt

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to burn, fire

Ket: daq-qɔt 'to roast' (Werner 1, 305)

Yug: xɔtn⁵, xɔtet́⁶ (Werner 1, 305 adds: xɔʔt)

Kottish: hat, pl. hati, hatan "fire"; hat akfātekŋ "to burn, set fire"; xat (Бол.) "fire"; Ass. hat (М., Сл., Срсл., Кл.) "fire"

Arin: kōt "fire" (Стр.), qot id. (Срсл.), qott id. (М., Сл., Кл.), kot id. (Лоск.)

Comments: ССЕ 304. Cf. also Yug xɔttan⁶ "the front corner in the house" (probably derived from 'hearth', 'fire').

Proto-Yenisseian: *χɔb-

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: back

Ket: qɔv-ǝt⁵, pl. qɔvɨrǝŋ⁶; Bak., Sur. qɔbǝt⁵, pl. qɔbɨdǝŋ⁶

Yug: xɔf-at⁵, pl. xɔfadɨŋ⁶

Kottish: hapar, pl. haparaŋ, (Бол.) xabar "back"; hap-tu "middle"

Arin: qop (М., Сл., Срсл., Кл.) "back"; akop (Лоск.) id.

Comments: ССЕ 303. Yug displays an assimilative devoicing. Kott. -r does not allow to reconstruct the usual body part suffix *-Vʒ: all the languages reflect here rather an old compound *χɔb-ʔaʔd, lit. "back bone". Werner 2, 120 <*qʌʔp> (but Pump. kolpar should be kept separate, see *χɔlap).

Proto-Yenisseian: *χɔGa

Meaning: ten

Ket: qō (attr.), pred. qōśeń¹ / qōś

Yug: xo (attr.), pred. xos / xosɛ⁶

Kottish: hāga; Ass. hágiaŋ (М., Сл., Срсл., Кл., Ф.), xaha (Кл.)

Arin: hioga (Стр.); qoa (М., Сл., Срсл., Кл., Ф.); (Лоск.) kova; koo-kinä "eleven"; kog-jus (Стр.) "thousand"; qo-jus (М., Сл., Кл., Ф.) id.

Pumpokol: xajáŋ (Сл.,), xajjaŋ (Срсл., Кл.)

Comments: ССЕ 303. Werner 2, 126 <*qogǝ>.

Proto-Yenisseian: *χɔlab

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: side, half

Ket: qɔĺap⁵

Yug: xɔlap⁵

Kottish: halap, pl. -aŋ "half"

Arin: qubur- / qurbur- in qubur-saj (М., Сл.), qurbur-saj (Кл.) "midnight"

Pumpokol: kólpar (Сл., Кл.), kolpar (Срсл.) "back"

Comments: ССЕ 304. The root should be distinguished from *χɔb- "back" (q. v.), although they could interact. On the other hand, *χɔlap "side" is difficult to separate from *χol- "cheek" (q.v.) - so the original protoform should be possibly reconstructed as *χolap (with Kott. halap < *holap through assimilation). Werner 2, 99 <*qolǝp>; doubts the attribution of the Arin and Pump. forms, which, I think, is hardly justified.

Proto-Yenisseian: *χɔlV[č]iG

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: hoof

Ket: qɔĺeś, pl. -n⁵

Yug: xɔlači⁶, pl. xɔlačaŋ⁵

Kottish: halčīg, *halčix, pl. halčikŋ "Nagel; Huf; Klaue"; xalčik (Бол.) "hoof"

Arin: kalɨs (Лоск.) "hoof"

Comments: The reflex -ś- in Ket is unclear. Werner 2, 100 (recommending to treat the word as a compound - which is actually done in ССЕ 304. ).

Proto-Yenisseian: *χɔtɨr₁

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: cloth, felt

Ket: qɔtĺ⁵, pl. -ǝŋ⁵ 'cloth'

Yug: xɔtɨr⁵ 'cloth'

Kottish: hatal 'felt'

Arin: qot (М, Сл, Кл), kot (Лоск) 'trousers'

Comments: ССЕ 305. The word is cultural, but the immediate borrowing source is not evident (it cannot be Turk. kätän, Arab. qattān "cotton"). Werner 2, 119 <*qot(ǝ)ʎ>.

Proto-Yenisseian: *χuʔs

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: tent (made of birch bark), house

Ket: quʔś, pl. quʔŋ

Yug: xuʔs, pl. xuʔŋ

Kottish: hūś, pl. huŋ "tent"; Ass. hūš (М., Сл., Срсл., Кл.), xɨš (Кл.) "house"

Arin: hu (Кл.) "house"; kus (Стр.) id.; (Лоск.) kun-kus "yard"

Pumpokol: hu-kút (Сл., Срсл., Кл.) "house", (Сл.) "village" ("село")

Comments: ССЕ 305. The form may contain a singulative suffix *-s (cf. the plural form), so the original protoform might well have been *χuʔ (cf. also the Arin form in Klaproth: hu). Werner 2, 140 <*quʔs>.

Proto-Yenisseian: *χu-sa

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: one

Ket: qūś (attr., inanim.), pred. quśǝm⁶

Yug: xus (attr., inanim.), pred. xusɛ⁶

Kottish: hūča; Ass. (Бол.) xanči-xit "one", huča (Кл.) "one"

Arin: khuzej (Ф., Срсл.) "one"; kuisa (Стр.) id.; qúsej (М., Сл., Кл., Ф.) id.; kusa in kusamančau (М., Сл., Срсл., Кл., Ф.) "nine"; (Лоск.) kus-ket "one"

Pumpokol: xúta (Сл., Срсл., Кл.) "one"

Comments: ССЕ 306. Cf. also the derivative *χus-baŋ "вместе" > Ket qujvaŋ⁶, Bak., Sur. qujbaŋ⁶, Yug xujbaŋ^5,6 (let us note *-sb- > -jb-) = Kott. hušpaŋ. PY *χusa is a compound the first component of which is also present in other forms: Ket qɔʔk, Yug xɔʔk 'one' (anim.); Kott. hūpiga 'alone'. As for *-sa, the same root is also present in Kott. al-še-n 'one time', as well as in PY *de-s '(one) eye', *pa-s '(one) time' q.v. etc. Werner 2, 132 <*qus / *qut>, 2, 122 <*qoʔk>.

Proto-Yenisseian: *χuχ

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: warm (of water); windless (of weather)

Ket: qūkśeŋ¹ 'warm (of water)'; qūk 'quietly, windlessly' (Werner 2, 140: qū / qūk)

Yug: xūk (also xu¹ (Werner 2, 141))

Kottish: hukaičei "warming"; hukai bāttaŋ "to warm"

Comments: Werner 2, 140 <*qugǝ>. The forms Ket qū, Yug xu (cited ibid.) allow to narrow the reconstruction to PY *χuχ (not *χuk- ~ -g-, -χ- as in ССЕ 305).

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